Which of the following is true about a Roth IRA?

A Roth IRA is a type of retirement account that offers distinct tax advantages. The statement regarding earnings growing tax deferred is correct because, within a Roth IRA, contributions are made with after-tax dollars. This means that while you don't receive a tax deduction for contributions made to a Roth IRA, the earnings on those contributions can grow tax-free, provided certain conditions are met.

When you eventually make qualified withdrawals from your Roth IRA—typically after age 59½ and having the account open for at least five years—the withdrawals are completely tax-free. This aspect of a Roth IRA is particularly attractive for retirement planning, as it allows for tax-free growth and tax-free withdrawals in retirement.

The other statements are not accurate given the nature of a Roth IRA: contributions are not tax-deductible, qualified withdrawals are not taxable (they are tax-free under the right circumstances), and there is no requirement that all contributions must be made by age 59. Thus, the statement about earnings growing tax deferred highlights one of the key benefits of a Roth IRA.