What does the term "adjusted gross income" refer to?

Adjusted gross income (AGI) is defined as gross income minus specific adjustments allowed by the IRS. These adjustments can include contributions to traditional IRAs, student loan interest, tuition and fees, and certain other allowable deductions. This calculation results in a figure that determines the basis for several tax credits and deductions.

Understanding AGI is crucial because it plays a significant role in tax planning and compliance. It is a measure of income that is used to determine how much of a taxpayer's income is subject to taxation. The adjustments that lead to AGI can reduce the amount of income that is ultimately subject to tax, thereby potentially lowering a taxpayer's overall tax liability.

In contrast to other options, which refer to gross income or net income after deductions in a broader sense, the correct answer focuses specifically on the adjustments made to gross income to achieve AGI, making it a key figure in the income tax calculation process.